Process for producing reproduction means for book printing and the like



Dec. 29 1925. 1,567,333

D. SCHARSCHAWSKY PROCESS FOR PRODUCING REPRODUCTION MEANS FOR BOOK PRINTING AND THE LIKE Filed OCc. 29, 1925 INVENTOR 0968 1/15 z/fmwrfcwl ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 29, 1925.

DAVID SCHARSCHAWSKY, OF BERN, SWITZERLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE FIRM: POLY- GRAPHISCHE GESELLSCHAFT, OF LAUREN-BERN, SWITZERLAND.

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING REPRODUCTION MEANS FOR BOOK PRINTING: AND THE LIKE.

Application filed Qctober 29, 1923. Serial No. 671,477.

images to an impression carrier or platen.

- and again more especially to processes in which the impression carrier is tanned byloichroniate', .without the action of light in contact with a layer of silver colloid.

In the known processes of this kind, the

impression carrier is first providedwith a layer of silver colloid which is sensitive to light and is then exposed to light in a well known manner with the aid of a camera or in a copying frame and afterwards developed and fixed, whereby a silver picture originates upon the impression carrier which serves as a contact layer for tanning by means of bichromate. One of the drawbacks of these processes is that the impression carrier must either be sensitized at the place where they are to be used, or the impression carriersensitized at the factory has to be carried to the place where it is to be used, which is diflicult, particularly in the case of impression carriers of large sizes. Besides, the copying of several images in proper relativeposit-ion to each other or in proper alignment upon one and the same impression carrier is diflicult, so that specific arrangements designed for this purpose have to be used.

These drawbacks are overcome .by the present invention which can be applied in many ways. An essential feature of this invention is an agent or sheet upon which a photograph is taken and which is preferably in the form of a film or the like that can be pulled from a layer carrier which may be in the form of a glass plate. The layer or sheet of material upon which the photograph is taken is first exposed, and

then developed and fixed.

The developed silver image thus obtained is placed upon or transferred to an impression carrier, which latter is then treated, together with the silver colloid film, with a tanning agent, such as bichromate. In this manner air impression 'arrier is obtained which can be etched and which, by proper treatment, ma y beunade suitable for raised, fiat. or hollow printing.

Thusin accordance with this invention. the sensitive photographic film or layer and the impression carrier are made as two separate elements. The material used for the sensitive layer or film may consist of anv suitable photographic material and treatctl in a place suitable for such treatment. The material can be easily carried from place to place, particularly when photographic papers or films are used. carrier can then be treated in day-light in any place remote from that at which the paper or film was developed, no previous treatment of the impression carrier being necessary. A plurality of small pictures or images may be placed in correct relative position to' each other, or in alignment with each other upon an impression carrier, such as a fiat printing plate or platen, with much greater ease than in copying a number of pictures in correct relative position by means of a camera or a pneumatic copying frame. Since a photographic picture or copy produces a negative, a negative picture would also be produced upon the impression carrier, which is only desired under certain circumstances in the case of deep etching. For raised and flat printing the picture has to be reversed on the impression carrier in the processes which have hitherto become known. A's distinguished therefrom the present invention offers the advantage that the photographic negative can first be converted in a copying frame into a positive. The positive thus obtained is then transferred to the impression carrier, and a positive picture is thus also obtained upon the impression carrier. The negative does not stiller in any way and is used for producing positives for duplicate or spare plates, for a number of The impressi on similar pictures upon one andthe same impression carrier, or for making impression carriers for subsequent orders, Without the aid of the original. Or the negative itself may firstbe'converted into a positive.

It is known that a negative produces a reversed picture and that a positive, when copied layer upon layer, produces a normal picture, whereby a reversed picture results on the impression carrier, when-its sensitive layer on the impression carrier is placed in contact with the developed layer. If a normal picture is to be produced upon the impression carrier, as in indirect or ofi-set prmting the positive is copled so as to pro duce a reversed picture from the negative,

-. graphic papers which can be pulled off, does .while Fig. 2 shows, how the the layer being placedin contact with the paper.

The positive material employed is preferably gelatine paper, because a sub-stratum of collodion, although it produces photonot allow water to penetrate and is therefore hardly adaptable for the tanning process which has, to be carried out upon the impression carrier.

An example of a manner in which the process can be carried out is the following:

Photographic negative material on a glass plate, film, paper or the like, is exposed with the aid of a camera or in a copying frame,

developed in the usual way, and then fixed.

and washed. From the developed negative a positive is made in a copying frame, the negative being placed in the frame the wrong side'up, if the impression carrier or plate to be produced is intended for ofi-set printing. The positive material, which may also be placed on any desired kind of layer carrier, but must have no-collodion sub-stratum,

and is advantageously arranged to be pulled 05, is developed in a well known manner and rinsed. Fixing is not absolutely necessary. The' positive obtained in this way is squeezed while moist onto an impression carrier or platform with the film against the plate and then allowed to dry. The layer carrier is then pulled off from the film, it being possible to pull 0d a layer carrier consisting of paper with a sub-stratum of soft gelatine when wetted with luke warm water. In case of pure gelatine films, no pulling off of a layer carrier is necessary.

In the drawing, Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic 'sectionalview, on an exaggerated scale show ing the irnounting of the positive on the plate, layer carrier is pulledofi' the plate.

In the two figures, 1 designates a metal plate (zinc or aluminum), 2 a silver colloid layer with blackened portions 3, 4, the layer carrier for the silver gelatine, and 5 a roller of suitable material for mounting the wet positive on the plate.

To strengthen the etching basis, a layer ,aee'asss relative positions, is then placed in a tanning bath, for instance bichromate, whereby the gelatine of the silver emulsion is made insoluble by water at the silver contact points.

After drying, the untanned gelatine is washed out in warm water. I The plateis then treated for a short time in an enamel bath, for instance chromic acid and subjected to a light burning process.

Before it is subjected to the burning process the plate may be covered in the well known manner with resin, asphalt or the like. It is then attached and gummed in a well known manner.

I claim 1. In a process for producing a reproducing means, the steps of placing a developed silver colloid layer onto a platen, and thereupon treating said layer-with a tanning agent. v

2. In a process for producing a reproducing means, the steps of placing a developed silver colloid layer onto a platenand there upon treating said layer with bichromate. 1 3. In a process for producing a reproduc- 111% means, the steps of producing a silver co loid positive from a photographic negative, placing the positive on a platen, and thereupon treating said positive with a tan- 1 ,ning agent.

a. In a process for producing a reproducing means, the steps of producing a silver colloid positive from a photographic negative, placing the positive on a platen, and thereupon treating said positive with bichromate.

5. In a process for producing a reproducing means, the steps of producing'a. silver colloid positive from a photographic nega- 1 tive, by a chemical reversing process, placing the positive on a platen, and thereupon treating said positive with atanning agent.

6. In a process for producing a reproducing means, the steps of producing a silver 1 thereupon treating said'layers with a tanning agent.

memes chromate.

9. Ina process for'producing a reproducin means, the steps of producing a silver co loid positive wtih a reversed image of the original from a photographic negative,

placing the positive on a platen, and there" upon producing a normal image on the platen with the aid of a tanning agent.

10.. In a process for producing a reproducing means, the steps of producing a silver colloid positive with a reversed image of the original from a photographic negative, placing the positive on a platen, and thereupon producing a normal image on the platen with the aid of biehromate.

11; In a process for producing a reproducing means, the steps of transferring a neveloped silver colloid layer from a layercarrier to a platen, and thereupon treating said layer with a tanning agent.

12. In a process for producing a reproducing means, the steps of transferring a de" veloped silver colloid layer from a layer carrier to a platen, and thereupon treating said layer with bichromate.

13. In a process for producing a reproducing means, the steps of producing a silver colloid positive from a photographic negative, transferring the positive from its carrier to a platen, and thereupon treating saidpositive With a tanning agent.

14. In a process for producing a reproducing means, the. steps of producing a silver colloid positive from a photographic negative, transferring the positive from its carrier to a platen, and thereupon treating said positive with bichromate.

15. In a process for producing a reproducing means, the steps of producing a silver colloid positive from a photographic negative by a chemical reversing process, transferring the positive from its carrier to a i platen, and thereupon treating said positive with a tanning agent.

16. In a process for producing a reproducing means, the steps of producing a silver colloid positive from a photographic negative by a chemical reversing process, transferring the positive from its carrier to a platen, and thereupon treating said positive with bichromate.

' 17. In a process for producing a reproducing means, the steps of transferring a p1urality of developed. silver colloid layers from their carriers onto a platen, bringing them into alignment thereon, and thereupon treating said layers with a tanning agent.

18. In a process for producing a reproducing means, the steps of transferring a plurality of developed silver colloid layers from their carr ers onto a platen, bringing them into alignment thereon, and thereupon treating said layers with loichromate.

19. In a process for producing a reproducing means, the steps of producing a silver colloid positive with a reversed image of the original from a photographic negative, transferring the positive from its carrier to a platen, and thereupon producing a normal image on the platen with the aid of a tanning agent.

20. In aprocess for producing a reproducing means, the steps of producing a silver colloid positive with a reversed image of the original from a photographic negative, transferring the positive from its carrier to a platen, and thereupon producing a. normal image on the platen with the aid of liicliromate.

21. In a process for producing a reproducing means, 'the steps of developing a silver colloid layer on a layer carrier, transferring the layer from its carrier to a platen, and thereupon treating said layer with a. tanning agent.

22. In a process for producing a reproducing mea'ns, the steps of developing a silver colloid layer on a layer carrier, transferring the layer from its carrier to a platen, and thereupon treating said layer with hichromate.

23. In a process for producing a reproduo ing means, the steps of producing a silver colloid positive, which is borne by a carrier, from a photographic negative, transferring the positive from its carrier to a platen, and thereupon treating said positive with a tanning agent.

24. In a process for producing a reproduc ing means, the steps of producing a silver colloid positive, which is borne by a carrier, from a photographic negative, transferring the positive from its carrier to a platen, and thereupon treating said positive with bichromate.

25. In a process for producing a reproducing means, the steps of producing a silver colloid positive, which is borne by a carrier, from a photographic negative by a chemical reversing process, transferring the positive from its carrier to a platen, and thereupon treating said positive with a tanning agent.

26. In a process for producing a reproducing means, the steps of producing a silver colloid positive, which is borne by a carrier from a photographic negative by a chemical reversing process,transferring the positive from its carrier to a platen, and thereupon treating said positive with hichromate.

27. In a process for producing a reproducing means, the steps of developing a plurality of silver colloid layers, which are borne upon layer-carriers, transferring said layers from their carriers onto a platen and bringing them into alignment thereon, and there upon treatingsaidlayers with a tanning agent.

28. In a process for producing a reproducing means, the steps of developing a plurality of silver colloid layers, which are borne upon lay-carriers, transferring said" la ers from their carriers onto a platen and bringing them into alignment thereon, and thereupon treating said layers with bichromate.

29. In a process for producing a reproducing means, the steps of producing a silver colloid positive with a reversed image of the original from a photographic negative, said positive being borne by a carrier, transferring the positive from its carrier to a platen, and thereupon producing a normal image on the platen withthe aid of a tanning agent.

30. In a process for producing a reproducing means, the steps of producing a silver colloid positive with a reversed image of the original from a photographic negative, said positive being borne by a carrier, transferring the positive from its carrier to a platen, and thereupon producing a normal image on the platen with the aid of bichromate.

31. In a process for producing a reproducing means, the steps of placing a developed silver colloid layer onto a platen, the platen -being.- previously treated. with resin, and

thereupon treating said layer with a tanning I agent.

. memes 32. In a process for-producing a reproducing means, the steps of placing a developed silver colloid layer onto a platen, the platen 3 being previously treated with resin, dissolved in benzole and thereupon treating said layer with a'tanning agent.

33. In a process for producing a reproducing means, the steps of placing a developed 4 silver colloid layer onto a platen, thereupon treating said layer with a tanning agent, and

roasting the platen.

36. In a-process for producing a reproduc- 5 ing means, the steps of placing a developed silver colloid layer onto a'platen, thereupon treating said layer with a tanning agent, immersing the platen in chromic acid, and roasting the platen.

In testimony whereof I I have ti-fixed my signature.

DAVID SCHARSCHAWSKY. 

